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Column Pillars, Greek and Roman 18" |
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Architectural Column Decorative
Styles Timeline. The Greeks developed architectural
systems, called orders, each with their own distinctive
style, proportions and detail. The orders were Doric,
from the 6th Century B.C., Ionic, also from the 6th
Century B.C., Corinthian, from the 4th Century B.C.,
and Composite and Tuscan from the 16th Century B.C.
The Doric style was used
primarily in mainland Greece and in the colonies in
southern Italy and Sicily. Ionic columns are said to
be more thin and more elegant than the doric columns
who's column topping capitals are typically decorated
with scroll-like designs known as volutes. The ionic
style is found in eastern Greece and nearby islands
was adapted by the Romans and used widely until the
introduction of the Corinthian Order at around the 4th
Century B.C.
The Corinthian style was seldom used in the Greek world,
but is often seen in Roman temples. The Corinthian order
had elaborate capitals decorated with acanthus leaves
and engraved with rosettes. They often had scrolled
elements at the corners and a boss, or projecting ornament
at the top center of each side. Later adapted by the
Romans, the Corinthian Order still symbolizes the most
ornate of the orders of classical greek and roman architectural
expressions. The oldest known example of the Corinthian
order is found in the temple of Apollo at Bassae and
its from 420 B.C.. The most notable use of the Corinthian
in architecture was the temple of Zeus at Athens which
began construction in the 2nd century B.C. and it wasn't
until about 400 years later by Emperor Hadrian.
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